CumuloNimbo: parallel-distributed transactional processing

CumuloNimbo aims at solving the lack of scalability of transactional applications that represent a large fraction of existing applications. CumuloNimbo aims at conceiving, architecting and developing a transactional, coherent, elastic and ultra scalable Platform as a Service. Its goals are: Ultra scalable and dependable, able to scale from a few users to many millions of users while at the same time providing continuous availability; Support transparent migration of multi-tier applications (e.g. Java EE applications, relational DB applications, etc.) to the cloud with automatic scalability and elasticity. Avoid reprogramming of applications and non-transparent scalability techniques such as sharding. Support transactions for new data stores such as cloud data stores, graph databases, etc.The main challenges are: Update ultrascalability (million update transactions per second and as many read-only transactions as needed). Strong transactional consistency. Non-intrusive elasticity. Inexpensive high availability. Low latency. CumuloNimbo goes beyond the state of the art by scaling transparently transactional applications to very large rates without sharding, the current practice in Today?s cloud. In this paper we describe CumuloNimbo architecture and its performance

The VINEYARD Approach: Versatile, Integrated, Accelerator-Based, Heterogeneous Data Centres.

Emerging web applications like cloud computing, Big Data and social networks have created the need for powerful centres hosting hundreds of thousands of servers. Currently, the data centres are based on general purpose processors that provide high flexibility buts lack the energy efficiency of customized accelerators. VINEYARD aims to develop an integrated platform for energy-efficient data centres based on new servers with novel, coarse-grain and fine-grain, programmable hardware accelerators. It will, also, build a high-level programming framework for allowing end-users to seamlessly utilize these accelerators in heterogeneous computing systems by employing typical data-centre programming frameworks (e.g. MapReduce, Storm, Spark, etc.). This programming framework will, further, allow the hardware accelerators to be swapped in and out of the heterogeneous infrastructure so as to offer high flexibility and energy efficiency. VINEYARD will foster the expansion of the soft-IP core industry, currently limited in the embedded systems, to the data-centre market. VINEYARD plans to demonstrate the advantages of its approach in three real use-cases (a) a bio-informatics application for high-accuracy brain modeling, (b) two critical financial applications, and (c) a big-data analysis application

Cancer stem cells from human glioblastoma resemble but do not mimic original tumors after in vitro passaging in serum-free media

Human gliomas harbour cancer stem cells (CSCs) that evolve along the course of the disease, forming highly heterogeneous subpopulations within the tumour mass. These cells possess self-renewal properties and appear to contribute to tumour initiation, metastasis and resistance to therapy. CSC cultures isolated from surgical samples are considered the best preclinical in vitro model for primary human gliomas. However, it is not yet well characterized to which extent their biological and functional properties change during in vitro passaging in the serum-free culture conditions. Here, we demonstrate that our CSC-enriched cultures harboured from one to several CSC clones from the human glioma sample. When xenotransplanted into mouse brain, these cells generated tumours that reproduced at least three different dissemination patterns found in original tumours. Along the passages in culture, CSCs displayed increased expression of stem cell markers, different ratios of chromosomal instability events, and a varied response to drug treatment. Our findings highlight the need for better characterization of CSC-enriched cultures in the context of their evolution in vitro, in order to uncover their full potential as preclinical models in the studies aimed at identifying molecular biomarkers and developing new therapeutic approaches of human gliomas.Peer reviewe

Resilient Computing Curriculum

This Deliverable presents the MSc Curriculum in Resilient Computing suggested by ReSIST. It includes the description of the syllabi for all the courses in the two semesters of the first year, those for the common courses in semester 3 in the second year together with an exemplification of possible application tracks with the related courses. This MSc curriculum has been updated and completed taking advantage of a large open discussion inside and outside ReSIST. This MSc Curriculum is on-line on the official ReSIST web site, where all information is available together with all the support material generated by ReSIST and all other relevant freely available support material.European Commission through NoE IST-4-026764-NOE (ReSIST

Resilient Computing Courseware

This Deliverable describes the courseware in support to teaching Resilient Computing in a Curriculum for an MSc track following the scheme of the Bologna process. The development of the supporting material for such a curriculum has required a rather intensive activity that involved not only the partners in ReSIST but also a much larger worldwide community with the aim of identifying available updated support material that can be used to build a progressive and methodical line of teaching to accompany students and interested persons in a profitable learning process. All this material is on-line on the official ReSIST web site http://www.resistnoe.org/, can be viewed and downloaded for use in a class and constitutes, at our knowledge, the first, almost comprehensive attempt, to build a database of support material related to Dependable and Resilient Computing.European Commission through NoE IST-4-026764-NOE (ReSIST

Association of Candidate Gene Polymorphisms With Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Case-Control Analysis in the Nefrona Cohort

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Despite classical clinical risk factors for CKD and some genetic risk factors have been identified, the residual risk observed in prediction models is still high. Therefore, new risk factors need to be identified in order to better predict the risk of CKD in the population. Here, we analyzed the genetic association of 79 SNPs of proteins associated with mineral metabolism disturbances with CKD in a cohort that includes 2, 445 CKD cases and 559 controls. Genotyping was performed with matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry. We used logistic regression models considering different genetic inheritance models to assess the association of the SNPs with the prevalence of CKD, adjusting for known risk factors. Eight SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs2238135, rs1800247, rs385564, rs4236, rs2248359, and rs1564858) were associated with CKD even after adjusting by sex, age and race. A model containing five of these SNPs (rs1126616, rs35068180, rs1800247, rs4236, and rs2248359), diabetes and hypertension showed better performance than models considering only clinical risk factors, significantly increasing the area under the curve of the model without polymorphisms. Furthermore, one of the SNPs (the rs2248359) showed an interaction with hypertension, being the risk genotype affecting only hypertensive patients. We conclude that 5 SNPs related to proteins implicated in mineral metabolism disturbances (Osteopontin, osteocalcin, matrix gla protein, matrix metalloprotease 3 and 24 hydroxylase) are associated to an increased risk of suffering CKD

Adding Breadth to CSI and CS2 Courses Through Visual and Interactive Programming Projects

The aim of programming projects in CSKS2 is to put in practice concepts and techniques learnt during lectures. Programming projects serve a dual purpose: first, the students get to practice the programming concepts taught in class, and second, they are introduced to an array of topics that they will cover later in their computer science education. In this work, we present programming projects we have successfully used in CSKS2. These topics have added breadth to CSlKS2 as well as whetted our students’ appetite by exposing them to concurrent programming, event-driven programming, graphics management and human-computer interfaces, data compression, image processing and genetic algorithms. We also include the background material, such as tools and libraries we have provided our students to render the more difficult projects amenable to our introductory computer science classes. 1

Distributed Database Systems: The Case for NewSQL

International audienceUntil a decade ago, the database world was all SQL, distributed, sometimes replicated, and fully consistent. Then, web and cloud applications emerged that need to deal with complex big data, and NoSQL came in to address their requirements, trading consistency for scalability and availability. NewSQL has been the latest technology in the big data management landscape, combining the scalability and availability of NoSQL with the consistency and usability of SQL. By blending capabilities only available in different kinds of database systems such as fast data ingestion and SQL queries and by providing online analytics over operational data, NewSQL opens up new opportunities in many application domains where real-time decisions are critical. NewSQL may also simplify data management, by removing the traditional separation between NoSQL and SQL (ingest data fast, query it with SQL), as well as between operational database and data warehouse / data lake (no more ETLs!). However, a hard problem is scaling out transactions in mixed operational and analytical (HTAP) workloads over big data, possibly coming from different data stores (HDFS, SQL, NoSQL). Today, only a few NewSQL systems have solved this problem. In this paper, we make the case for NewSQL, introducing their basic principles from distributed database systems and illustrating with Spanner and LeanXcale, two of the most advanced systems in terms of scalable transaction management

New western Palaearctic Dinotrema species with mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)

Descriptions of four new species of the genus Dinotrema Foerster with a mesoscutal pit and only medially sculptured propodeum are given. Dinotrema alysiae sp. n. (Denmark, England, Netherlands, Spain), D. paramicum sp. n. (Denmark, Finland), D. tirolense sp. n. (Italy) and D. valvulatum sp. n. (Denmark, Italy)

New Spanish Dinotrema species with propodeal areola or mainly sculptured propodeum (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)

The illustrated descriptions of eight new species of the genus Dinotrema with either the propodeum mainly sculptured ora large propodeal areola from Spain are provided, viz. D. amparoae sp. n., D. benifassaense sp. n., D. lagunasense sp. n., D. pilarae sp. n., D. robertoi sp. n., D. teresae sp. n., D. tinencaense sp. n., and D. torreviejaense sp. n.